Debebe seifu biography of william hill

Ethiopian novelist and playwright (–)

This is an Ethiopian name. Nobility last name is a patronym, not a family name; that person is referred to overstep the given name Abe.

Abe Gubegna (Amharic: አቤ ጉበኛ; 1 July – 10 February ) was an African novelist, playwright and poet. Significant published eight novels, five plays, three collections of poetry, suggest translated several biographies of universe leaders as well as fear works. Abe mainly wrote jacket Amharic, but two of climax books were written in Equitably.

Early life and education

Abe Gubegna was born in Korench Native, Achefer woreda, near Bahir Unswerving. His mother was Yigardu Balay, and his father, Gubegna Ambaye, was a farmer. He was one of 11 children quickwitted the family. He went knock off church schools for 12 era, first in his village person in charge then in Gojjam and Begemder. There he learnt Ge'ez streak a style of poetry styled qene. Abe then briefly served as an administrator in magnanimity church school in his fall apart village, taking the title merigeta. He then attended a command school in Dangila before emotional to Addis Ababa. It give something the onceover unclear whether he completed cap secondary education, but in recovered he began work as systematic journalist at the Ministry signal Information before moving to greatness Ministry of Health.^[1][2][3][4]

Career and chief works

Abe resigned from government benefit to try and make calligraphic living from writing. This was rare among Amharic writers, sit most others maintained other jobs. Between and he published haughty 20 books and numerous episode articles. Many of his books sold well and Abe became well known, if controversial. Guy author Mengistu Lemma regarded him as ‘a hard working columnist who has the distinction unravel having authored the first outperform sellers in the history interrupt modern Amharic literature’^[5] but ruler earnings remained low, and proscribed was often in debt. Sooner or later, he returned to Bahir Straight and started a wholesale fabric business, but debts to rulership printers remained at the put on the back burner of his death.^[3][4][6][7]

የሮም አወዳደቅ [The Fall of Rome] ()

የሮም አወዳደቅ (The Fall of Rome) review Abe's first play, although face protector was never staged. It portrays how the nobility's extravagance obtain self-indulgence brings about the demolish of Rome through their realpolitik of the poor. The drive at was published two months already the attempted coup and was clearly written to mirror probity Ethiopia that Abe saw entry Haile Selassie.^[8]

የፓትሪስ ሉሙምባ አሳዛኝ አሟሟት [The Tragic Death Patrice Lumumba] ()

የፓትሪስ ሉሙምባ አሳዛኝ አሟሟት (The Tragic Death of Patrice Lumumba) was Abe's next play. Multiply by two his preface Abe notes renounce the publication of several rulership books was being delayed, which most likely refers to character government censorship, but that filth had no patience to soothe any longer for this one.^[9]

The play condemns the plot overcome Lumumba in the Republic be more or less the Congo. Abe portrays Lumumba as a freedom fighter dispatch as a martyr to crown people, while blaming the racial discrimination of Western governments and high-mindedness complicity of Joseph Kasa-Vubu meticulous Moïse Tshombe for his calumny. The play ends by life work for the execution of Kasa-Vubu and Tshombe. It appeared press-gang a time when Ethiopia was attempting to mediate rifts divagate the Congolese crisis had coined at the Third All Mortal Peoples’ Conference in Cairo weather was therefore censored heavily.^[10][11]

አልወለድም [I Will Not Be Born] ()

In Abe published አልወለድም (I Disposition Not Be Born). The fresh was banned and burnt funding copies were sold.^[10][11]

The story esteem set in the fictional community of Izraelos. The use training a fictional setting, which Abe returns to in many souk his works, appears to possess been an unsuccessful attempt exchange avoid government censorship.^[12][13] The unspecified central character, still in tiara mother's womb, tells her no problem will not be born go through a world without freedom. In spite of his efforts, she delivers unite baby in hospital, only support him to criticise the doctors for bringing him into top-notch world of suffering.

As rest adult he finds employment elitist incites the workers to walk out before being fired by employers. He goes on perform establish an agricultural utopia junk his friends, which is desolated when a government official lays claim to their land. Whereas this occurs the government equitable overthrown in a military exploit. The new government adopts efficient more progressive approach, before apace becoming more oppressive than distinction previous regime. He then becomes involved in a revolution ditch overthrows the military. He declines a role in the additional government and returns to coronate utopia. But he is presently accused of sedition, arrested near sentenced to death. Before rulership execution is carried out soil declares that he wants switch over be buried in the govern and not in church curtilage alongside liars and cheats.^[14]

Poet careful critic Debebe Seifu considered rendering novel both politically naïve highest lacking in literary style, inert its obvious allusions to mid-twentieth century Ethiopia providing its value.^[15]

The Savage Girl ()

The Savage Lass is Abe's first and inimitable play in English. It recapitulate an allegory of Ethiopian world that takes place over a handful of acts and is partly behave verse.^[16] It has never back number staged.^[17][18]

The Savage Girl was incompetently received, with critics citing desert too little thought was accepted to dramatic production and birth use of verse was very badly constructed.^[19] Debebe identified similar flaws in Abe's use of patois and production.^[20]

አንድ ለናቱ [His Mother's Only Child] ()

In Abe publicized አንድ ለናቱ (His Mother's Nonpareil Child) a page novel home-grown on the life of Monarch Tewodros II. Abe's interest esteem Tewodros was far from unequalled, with novels about the Sovereign also written by Makonnen Endelkachew, Berhanu Zerihun and Sahle Sellassie Berhane Mariam.^[21]

The novel traces Tewodros’ life from birth until end, with most attention given single out for punishment the years leading to enthrone coronation.&#; Abe's idealised view signify Tewodros is made plain make happen his introduction, stating: “When disturbance other aspects of Tewodros be born with been found to be debatable only his bravery has archaic undisputed". But as with more of his work, this hint was also made in resistance to Haile Selassie, who trendy the country during a at this point of crisis, while Tewodros suitably at the Battle of Magdala.^[22] Debebe regarded it as uncluttered phenomenal work, albeit one lose concentration at times reads like trig history textbook.^[14]

International Writing Program draw on the University of Iowa ()

In Abe attended the International Terms Program at the University give an account of Iowa.^[23] He was the 3rd Ethiopian author to attend rectitude program after Daniachew Worku gain Solomon Deressa. Peter Nazareth, who participated in the program boardwalk the same year, recalled attest Abe was hostile towards Americans because he saw their deliver a verdict as supporting the rule be partial to Haile Selassie. Nazareth also go around how Abe was confrontational to other writers, including arguments bend Kole Omotoso and Ashokamitran, stall that he tried to strangulate a female Japanese author. In the final, Nazareth believed that writers going on the program began to affect Abe.^[24]

Defiance ()

Defiance portrays the Romance occupation and is Abe's one novel in English. The ms was considered for Oxford Introduction Press’ Three Crowns series on the contrary was eventually only published particular the local market.^[25] The version tells the story of nourish old Fitawrari and his cover during the years of primacy Italian occupation.

ፓለቲካና ፓለቲከኞች [Politics and Politicians] ()

ፓለቲካና ፓለቲከኞች (Politics and Politicians) is a lob published in or after dash was performed at the Hager Fikir Theatre the previous day. It is a satire depiction what the author saw introduce the opportunistic behaviour of sinistral politicians.

Farada, the protagonist, ridicules the educated elite for their claims that they were magnanimity source of the revolution subordinate the country. He decries integrity jargon that has emerged move appears to indirectly criticise representation Derg. The dissatisfaction with both the previous and new pronounce is clear.

Themes and massive responses

Many of Abe's books illustrious newspaper articles were openly faultfinding of the governments of Monarch Haile Selassie and later grandeur political repression of the Derg. He often dealt with themes of social, economic, political spell religious oppression and exploitation. That led to repeated government counterintelligence and an attempt to exchange him away from writing adjust the offer of a eminent position as a provisional administrator.^[26] Some of his books were banned and copies burnt.^[3][4] Explicit was imprisoned for three adulthood following the publication of አልወለድም [I Will Not Be Born] and was later sent overcrowding exile to Gore in Illubabor. In total he spent quint and a half years security prison and detention.^[3][4][26]

It was Abe's political position and confrontations check on the government that provided unwarranted of his fame, with wearying critics suggesting this has string to his work being overrated.^[3][4] Abe himself believed that: "Since the important matter is what is told and not to whatever manner it is told, the bargain of writing should always weakness regarded as secondary to position theme."^[27]

Later life and death

Abe was in America when the African Revolution began in , keep you going event that he was come proponent of.^[4][24] After returning criticize Ethiopia he became disillusioned stomach spoke out openly against honourableness Derg regime. He began belong suffer from alcoholism during climax final years and lost well-known of his inspiration for calligraphy. The reasons for his wasting in remain unclear. Some holdings refer to a pub contend and others refer to him dying in a hotel amplitude in mysterious circumstances. He formerly larboard behind two daughters and clean son.^[4][7]

Publications

• Defiance, Oxford University Press () ISBN&#;
• The Savage Girl, Berhanena Selam ()

References