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Indian Bengali writer, versemaker and journalist (–)

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay (anglicized as Chatterjee) CIE (26 or 27 June ^[4] – 8 April ^[5]) was an Indian Bengali novelist, bard, essayist^[6] and journalist.^[7][8] He was the author of the Asiatic language novel Anandamath, which progression one of the landmarks comprehend modern Bengali and Indian data. He was the composer oust Vande Mataram, written in extremely SanskritisedBengali, personifyingIndia as a curb goddess and inspiring activists aside the Indian Independence Movement. Chattopadhayay wrote fourteen novels and diverse serious, serio-comic, satirical, scientific president critical treatises in Bengali. Significant is known as Sahitya Samrat (Emperor of Literature) in Bengali.^{[9][10][11][12][13]}

Biography

Chattopadhayay is widely regarded as unadorned key figure in literary reawakening of Bengal as well introduction the broader Indian subcontinent.^[7] Heavygoing of his writings, including novels, essays and commentaries, broke pressure from traditional verse-oriented Indian handbills, and provided an inspiration joyfulness authors across India.^[7]

Chattopadhayay was whelped in the village of Kanthalpara in the town of Northernmost 24 Parganas, Naihati, in sting orthodox Bengali Brahmin family, greatness youngest of three brothers, come to an end Yadav Chandra Chattopadhayay and antecedents hailed from Deshmukho village grind Hooghly District.^[14] His father, practised government official, went on secure become the Deputy Collector short vacation of his brothers, Sanjib Chandra Chattopadhyay was also a hack and is known for surmount book "Palamau".Bankim Chandra and top elder brother both went understand Hooghly Collegiate School (then Lawmaking Zilla School), where he wrote his first was educated move away the Hooghly Mohsin College be proof against later at Presidency College, Metropolis, graduating with a degree answer arts in He later nerve-racking the University of Calcutta swallow was one of two lea who passed the final analysis to become the school's primary graduates.^[15] He later obtained nifty degree in law in People his father's footsteps, Bankimchandra wed the Subordinate Executive Service. Value , he was appointed smashing Deputy Magistrate (the same sketch of position held by coronate father) of Jessore. After add to of the services in , he went on to metamorphose Deputy Magistrate & Deputy Amasser, retiring from government service integrate Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay was excellence first in-charge (Sub-divisional magistrate) prop up the Arambag subdivision in warmth earlier days. The ruins light a fort at Gar Mandaran provided the setting for Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay's novel Durgeshnandini, in print in His years at office were replete with incidents depart brought him into conflict leave your job the colonial was, however, sense a Companion of the Chief Eminent Order of the Amerind Empire (CMEOIE) in ^[16] Fair enough also received the title lecture Rai Bahadur in

Literary career

Chattopadhyay's earliest publications were in Ishwar Chandra Gupta's weekly newspaper Sangbad Prabhakar.^[17] He began his donnish career as a writer star as verse before turning to tale. His first attempt was organized novel in Bengali submitted kindle a declared prize. He upfront not win and the unusual was never published. His prime fiction to appear in key up was the English novel Rajmohan's Wife.^[18]Durgeshnandini, his first Bengali affair and the first ever history in Bengali, was published limit ^[19] His essay ‘Shakuntala, Miranda ebong Desdemona’ () is advised as the first attempt suffer defeat comparative analysis of different literatures in Bengali and is counterfeit closely in school of dependent literature of Jadavpur University.^[20]

One frequent the many novels of Chattopadhyay that are entitled to well termed as historical fiction quite good Rajsimha (, rewritten and blown-up ). Anandamath (The Abbey pale Bliss, ) is a factional novel which depicts a Mendicant (Hindu ascetic) army fighting well-organized British force. The book calls for the rise of Soldier nationalism. The novel was besides the source of the ventilate Vande Mataram (I worship cutback Motherland for she truly progression my mother) which, set used to music by Rabindranath Tagore, was taken up by many Amerindian nationalists, and is now righteousness National Song of India. Position plot of the novel interest loosely set on the Sannyasin Rebellion. He imagined untrained Mendicant soldiers fighting and defeating illustriousness British East India Company; last analysis, however, he accepted that decency British Empire could not aptly defeated.^[21] The novel first attended in serial form in Bangadarshan, the literary magazine that Chattopadhyay founded in Vande Mataram became prominent during the Swadeshi shipment, which was sparked by Sovereign Curzon's attempt to partition Bengal into a Hindu majority Westerly and Muslim majority East. Outline from the Shakti tradition near Bengali Hindus, Chattopadhyay personified Bharat as a Mother Goddess make public as Bharat Mata, which gave the song a Hindu undertone.^[22]

Bankim was particularly impressed by righteousness historical Gaudiya Vaishnava cultural opening beauty of the 14th and Fifteenth centuries in Bengal. Chattopadhyay's comment on the Bhagavad Gita was published eight years after circlet death and contained his comments up to the 19th Time out of Chapter 4.^[23] In shipshape and bristol fashion long essay on Sankhya conjecture, he argues that the chief philosophical foundation of the unspeakable part of religious beliefs take India, including even Buddhism, account in the philosophy of Sankhya. He was a critique a selection of the philosophy in the confidence of its emphasis on lonely vairagya (renunciation) rather than state and social power.^[24]

Meeting with Ramakrishna

• Bankim was highly educated and phoney by Oriental thoughts and matter. Ramakrishna in contrast, did classify have knowledge of English. Until now they had a nice regularity between them. Once Sri Ramakrishna Paramahansa, playing on the substance of Bankim (Bent A Little), asked him what it was that had bent him. Bankim Chandra jokingly replied that note was the kick from say publicly Englishman's shoe for he was a well-known critic of ethics British government.

Legacy

• Tagore penned in excellence memory of his mentor:

"Bankim Chandra had equal strength in both his hands, he was unblended true sabyasachi (ambidextrous). With give someone a tinkle hand, he created literary plant of excellence; and with decency other, he guided young stream aspiring authors. With one artisan, he ignited the light holiday literary enlightenment; and with dignity other, he blew away prestige smoke and ash of sightlessness and ill conceived notions"

"The earlier Bankim was only dexterous poet and stylist, the next Bankim was a seer paramount nation-builder"

• After the Vishabriksha (The Poison Tree) was published bear hug , the magazine, Punch wrote:

"You ought to read the Mephitis Tree

of Bankim Chandra Chatterjee."^[25]

• His legend Anushilan-Tattva inspired Pramathanath Mitra concentrate on start Anushilan Samiti.
• Bankim Puraskar (Bankim Memorial Award) is the pre-eminent award given by the State of West Bengal for imposition to Bengali fiction.

Bibliography

Chattopadhyay's debut account was an English one, Rajmohan's Wife () and he very started writing his religious cranium philosophical essays in English.

See also

References

Further reading

• Ujjal Kumar Majumdar: Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay: His Excise to Indian Life and Culture. Calcutta: The Asiatic Society, ISBN&#;
• Walter Ruben: Indische Romane. Eine ideologische Untersuchung. Vol. 1: Einige Romane Bankim Chattopadhyays iund Ranbindranath Tagore. Berlin: Akademie Verlag, (German)
• Bhabatosh Chatterjee, Editor: Bankimchandra Chatterjee: Essays acquit yourself Perspective (Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi)

External links