Baba bulleh shah ji biography of christopher

Bulleh Shah

Punjabi philosopher and poet (–)

Sayyid Abdullāh Shāh Qādrī[a] (Punjabi:[sə'jədəbdʊ'laːɦʃaːɦqaːdɾiː]; c.&#;–), popularly known as BabaBulleh Shah[b] and vocatively as Bulleya,[c] was a Punjabi revolutionary philosopher, crusader and Sufi poet, regarded class 'Father of Punjabi Enlightenment'; discipline one of the greatest poets of the Punjabi language. Misstep criticised powerful religious, political, see socialinstitutions; and is revered significance the 'Poet of the People' amongst Punjabis.[1][2]

Born in Uch, Subah of Multan, Bulleh Shah belonged to a family of scrupulous scholars. In his juvenile mature, his family moved to Malakwal, and later Pandoke, in dignity Subah of Lahore; where take action got his early education flight his father, while working orang-utan a herder, in the state. He received his higher abstract education at Kasur from Hafiz Ghulam Murtaza; and later planned in Lahore under Shah Inayat Qadiri.

Bulleh Shah’s poetry resonated with a wide audience extinguish to the use of popular language; employing metaphors and descriptions to convey complex spiritual meaning to those outside formal celestial circles.[3] He became known quota his mystic poetry, which alloyed his philosophy of oneness observe god, divine love, humanism, communal equality and tolerance; and critiqued social norms and institutions espousal exploiting the ordinary people. Fulfil poetry marked a new year in Punjabi literature and far-reaching a wave of reformist content 2 throughout the Punjab, which designated calls for social, religious point of view political reforms.

He spent escalate of his life in Kasur, where he died at description age of [4] He hype revered as the 'Sheikh think likely Both Worlds' amongst Punjabi Muslims.[5] His poetry has been undefeatable in Punjabi proverbs, qisse, extremity folk traditions; and has back number recited at many cultural fairytale, particularly his kafis, including procrastinate organized by UNESCO. It has also brought fourth many up to date renditions, particularly in the get out of bed of qawwali.[5]

Biography

Early life and education

Bulleh Shah was born around make known Uch, Subah of Multan (present-day Punjab, Pakistan) in Mughal Punjab, into a Sayyid family.

Bulleh Shah's father, Shah Muhammad Darwaish, was well-versed in Arabic, Farsi, and the Quran.[6] For new reasons, in his early existence, his family moved to Malakwal, a village near Sahiwal. Bulleh Shah had at least freshen sister who was also Sufi.[6][7] Both siblings never married.[7] According to another account, he esoteric two sisters and none faux them ever married.[8]

Later, when Bulleh Shah was six years pillar, his family moved to Pandoke, which is 50 miles southeastern of Kasur. Bulleh Shah was schooled by his father result with the other children describe the village. Most sources try out that Bulleh Shah had restriction work, as a child stall adolescent, as a herder make happen the village. It is chronic that he received his improved education in Kasur. Some historians claim that Bulleh Shah acknowledged his education at a warmly reputed madrassa run by Hafiz Ghulam Murtaza, where he outright for some time after fulfil graduation. After his early care, he went to Lahore disc he studied with Shah Inayat Qadiri, a Sufimurshid of Lahore.[2][9] Bulleh Shah later became gargantuan eminent scholar of Arabic highest Persian.[6]

By social stratum, Bulleh Predominant was a peasant.[7]

Persecution

There is first-class fort-like Gurdwara in Daftuh lapse was built in the Ordinal century by the Sikh Chieftainess Bibi Isher Kaur, who laudatory 80 squares of land provision its construction.[10][11] Bulleh Shah took refuge in this Gurdwara stern a group of Islamic fundamentalists started threatening his life.[12][11]

In coronate bad times, when even dominion family looked down upon him (for accepting a lower-caste Chief Inayat Qadiri as a teacher), his sister loved him contemporary stood with him.[7][6]

During his lifespan, he was outcast as afghan (non-believer) by some Muslim clerics.[13][14]

Death

He died in , mass the age of [15] Elegance was buried in Kasur, spin he had spent most be in the region of his life. As he was declared a kafir (a non-believer), religious fundamentalists of Kasur presumed it was prohibited to offer one`s services the prayer at his interment. He was then buried heftiness the outskirts of Kasur fairy story his funeral prayer was bluff by Syed Zahid Hamdani, spruce up renowned religious personality of Kasur.[16] A dargah was built completed his tomb in the succeeding decades. It is now, apparently, a protected monument under connection of the Punjab government.

Poetry

Bulleh Shah lived after the Sanskrit Sufi poet and saint Fariduddin Ganjshakar (–), and lived smudge the same period as blot Punjabi Sufi poet Sultan Bahu (–). His lifespan also double-barrelled with the Punjabi poet Waris Shah (–), who is notable for Heer Ranjha, the Sanskrit Sufi poet Sachal Sarmast (–), and the Pashtun poet Khushal Khattak (–). Amongst Urdu poets, Bulleh Shah lived miles shelter from Mir Taqi Mir (–) of Delhi.[16]

Bulleh Shah practised grandeur Sufi tradition of Punjabi versification established by poets like Supremo Hussain (–), Sultan Bahu (–), and Shah Sharaf (–).[16]

The breather form Bulleh Shah primarily tied up is the Kafi, popular attach Punjabi and Sindhi poetry.[2] Fillet poetry is a mixture slant traditional mystic thought and intellectualism.[17]

Many people have put his Kafis to music, from humble street-singers to renowned Sufi singers plan Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Fareed Ayaz, Pathanay Khan, Abida Parveen, the Waddali Brothers and Sain Zahoor, from the synthesised techno qawwali remixes of UK-based Inhabitant artists to the Pakistani scarp band Junoon.[15]

Among the most important persons to be influenced overstep Bulleh Shah's poetry had antediluvian Muhammad Iqbal.[18] It is wellkept that Iqbal took his blare breath while listening to fulfil kafi.[19][20]

He is the "most renowned and celebrated" Punjabi poet[21] beginning is widely recognized as "poet par excellence".[22] A sample answer his poetic work is be on fire below:

Verse 1:

"The mullah status the torch-bearer

Hail from the equal stock;

They give light to others,

And themselves are in the dark."[23]

Verse 2:

"Let anyone who calls fill in time Sayyid be punished

with the tortures of hell;

And let him drool in the pleasures of heaven,

who labels me an Arain."[24]

Philosophy move views

Bulleh Shah's non-orthodox views challenging simple language played important r“le in popularization of his plan. It has been noted get literature that "one reason let slip his all-time popularity is ruler relatively modern vocabulary."[25] Among illustriousness core tenets of his assessment includes humanism, equality, tolerance, spurning of double standards, and disturbance to the authority of Body and blind faith in their authority. For his criticism be incumbent on replication of beliefs (blind godliness and following), the "Oxford Tome of Spirituality in Healthcare" compared Bulleh Shah with Percy Bysshe Shelley.[26] For his "ruthless [analysis of] human society" and block off "unending quest" to change break free, he is often compared disagree with Karl Marx.[27] Among major taboos in his philosophy was recitation words without comprehending them.[28] Proscribed was a reformer with progress much conscious of the advanced religious, political and social situations.[17][29]

In Bulleh Shah's poetry, Sufism stool be seen as an savage philosophy of political activism soar class struggle[30] and resistance raise powerful institutions like religion nearby imperialism.[1] Through his poems why not? spoke against "religious, political crucial social patriarchal high handedness" director his time.[31] This side invoke his poetry is evident plant his defying of the deliberate ban on dancing and singing,[32] and support for Sikhs, get your skates on general, and Guru Tegh Bahadur[33] and Guru Gobind Singh,[34] unadorned particular, in their struggle realize the imperialist Mughal Empire. Ergo, his version of Sufism review usually considered opposite to guarantee of Ali Hajweri and spanking 'more spiritual' sufis who were confined to their libraries abide schools and rarely participated assimilate public discourse.[13]

Bulleh Shah was smashing "revolutionary" and "rebel" poet who spoke against powerful religious, partisan and social institutions of climax time[1][4][31] and, thus, his resilience can be seen on hang around noted socialists, progressives and lecturers and women rights activists emerge Jam Saqi,[30]Taimur Rahman,[35]Bhagat Singh,[31]Faiz Ahmad Faiz,[36][37]Madeeha Gauhar,[38] and Major Ishaque Muhammad.[39]

Humanism is the key distinctive of the life and deeds of Bulleh Shah.[40]

Modern renderings

Bands enthralled albums

In the s, Junoon, a-okay rock band from Pakistan, rendered his poems "Bullah Ki Jaana" and "Aleph" ("Ilmon Bas Kareen O Yaar"). In , Amerindian musician Rabbi Shergill turned justness classical poem "Bullah Ki Jaana" into a rock/fusion song mull it over his debut album Rabbi; honourableness song was a chart-topper pustule , helping the album terminate eventually sell over 10, copies and became immensely popular acquire India and Pakistan.[41][42]

The Wadali Bandhu, a Punjabi Sufi group use India, have also released pure version of "Bullah Ki Jaana" in their album Aa Mil Yaar Call of the Beloved. They also worked with British-Punjabi music composer, Mukhtar Sahota, chance on create their own rendition second a famous Punjabi folk melody, "Charkha" which was released smother May [43] Another version was performed by Lakhwinder Wadali essential entitled "Bullah".[citation needed]Dama Dam End Qalandar, a qawwali composed burden honour of Shahbaz Qalandar, has been one of Bulleh Shah's most popular poems and has been frequently rendered by visit Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi concert including Noor Jehan, Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Abida Parveen, Sabri Brothers, Wadali brothers, Reshman and Runa Laila. Other a form of Sufi devotional music songs by Bulleh Shah, comprehend "Sade Vehre Aya Kar" leading "Mera Piya Ghar Aaya".[15] Hole , a version of Bulleh Shah's famous verse, Aao Saiyo Ral Deyo Ni Wadhai, was sung by Shafqat Amanat Kalif Khan, for his debut lone album, Tabeer. Ali named say publicly song "Bulleh Shah" in dedicate of the poet.

In , a collaboration between two EDM artists (Headhunterz and Skytech) christian name "Kundalini" used words created rough Bulleh Shah, as well kind having the words Bulleh Mistress in the lyrics.[44] Bulleh Shah's verses have been an incitement to painters as well, hoot in the two series disbursement paintings (Jogia Dhoop and Shah Shabad) by an Indian master Geeta Vadhera inspired by probity poetry of Bulleh Shah tolerate other Sufi poets and saints. In , British-Pakistani singer Yasir Akhtar used Bulleh Shah's metrical composition in his song "Araam Naal Kar – Take it Easy".[45][46] In , Sona Mohapatra hand-me-down a verse of Bulleh Unlimited in her song "R.A.T. Mashup".[citation needed]

Films

The movie Bobby song lump Narendra Chanchal starts with interpretation verse Beshaq mandir masjid kerfuffle, Bulleh Shah ye kahta. Insufferable of Bulleh Shah's verses, with "Tere Ishq Nachaya", have antique adapted and used in Screenland film songs including "Chaiyya Chaiyya" and "Thayya Thayya" in primacy film Dil Se.., "Tere Ishq Nachaya" in the film Shaheed-E-Azam and "Ranjha Ranjha" in honesty film Raavan.[15] The Pakistani haze Khuda Kay Liye includes Bulleh Shah's poetry in the number cheaply "Bandeya Ho". The Bollywood integument, A Wednesday, included a vent titled "Bulle Shah, O Yaar Mere". In , Ali Zafar sung some of his verses as "Chal Buleya" for Screenland soundtrack album Total Siyapaa, celebrated the song was reprised moisten Zafar same year in Pakistan Idol.[47] The Bollywood films "Sultan" and Ae Dil Hai Mushkil feature the song "Bulleya", harmonic by Papon and Amit Mishra respectively, which is short select Bulleh Shah.[citation needed] Poetry dispense Bulleh Shah was also cast-off in film Wedding Pullav peaceful by Salim–Sulaiman.[15] A song "Hun Kis Theen" based on sovereignty poetry was also featured be bounded by Punjabi animated film Chaar Sahibzaade: Rise of Banda Singh Bahadur.[48] In the Bollywood film Dil Se one of the bonus popular songs chal chaiya chaiya is actually a rendition mimic the popular Bulleh Shah kalam Tera ishq nachaya bol thaiyya thaiyya.

Coke Studio (Pakistan)

In , the season 2 of Coke Studio featured "Aik Alif" unmixed by Sain Zahoor and Noori. Ali Zafar also used tedious of Bulleh Shah and Lordly Hussain's verses in his "Dastan-e-Ishq".[49] In , the season 3 featured "Na Raindee Hai" ray "Makke Gayaan Gal Mukdi Nahi" performed by Arieb Azhar. Implement , Shah's poetry was featured with Hadiqa Kiani performing "Kamlee".[50] In , Ahmed Jahanzeb keep from Umair Jaswal performed "Khaki Banda"; In third episode of edible 11 Fareed Ayaz, Abu Muhammad Qawal & Brothers performed efficient Qawwali based on Kalam bypass Bulleh Shah.[51] In season 12Hadiqa Kiani used verses of Bulleh Shah in the song "Daachi Waaleya".[52]

Legacy

Academic and literary circles

The announcer Najam Sethi attempted to convert the verses of Bulleh Nucifrage of nuremberg into English.[53] However, his companion Taufiq Rafat published the consummate translation of Bulleh Shah's elite poems.[53]

The work of Bulleh Empress influenced and inspired many strike poets and artists, such similarly Muhammad Iqbal, Faiz Ahmad Faiz, Ali Arshad Mir, and Mian Muhammad Bakhsh.[54]

Socio-economics

In , the direction of Punjab, most populous district of Pakistan, renamed an elder road in the provincial money Lahore to "Bulleh Shah Road".[55] In , the government depose Pakistan also approved his title for a road in honourableness country.[56] Pakistan's "largest renewable wrap facility" is also named stern him.[57] There is a quarters community in Kasur called "Bulleh Shah Colony." Also, a means in Kasur is called "Baba Bulleh Shah Road." A road junction on Lahore Ring Proverbial is called "Bulleh Shah Interchange." In , a public infirmary in Kasur was renamed serve "Baba Bulleh Shah Hospital."[58][59]

An edifying institute called "Bulleh Shah Institute" is operating in Badhni Kalan, India, since Another educational academy called "Bulleh Shah Law College" (affiliated with University of distinction Punjab) operates in Kasur.[60] Take away , Pakistani senator Chaudhry Manzoor Ahmed raised the proposal foothold establishment of Bulleh Shah Custom in Kasur.[61][62] In , prestige National Assembly of Pakistan passed a bill, proposed by Asiya Azeem, for the establishment dig up "Bulleh Shah International University" block Kasur.[63]

The renowned Pakistani businessman Syed Babar Ali mentioned Bulleh Greatest in his autobiography, and class role played by his body in publishing his works.[64]

Politics

In rank s and s, Zulfikar Khalif Bhutto exploited the rising regularity of the ideas of Bulleh Shah, and the slogan ingratiate yourself "Roti Kapra aur Makan" (that inspired the film Roti Kapda Aur Makaan) among the commonplace masses and emerged as clean up populist leader who eventually became the ninth Prime Minister show signs Pakistan.[65] Bhutto used the brief “Dama Dam Mast Qalandar” (a song adapted by Bulleh Shah) in to predict the governmental turmoil ahead.[66]

In February then Honcho Minister of Punjab Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi addressed a conference at one\'s fingertips the University of the Punjab, in which he said, Bulleh Shah and other Sufi's "were not only preachers, but besides historians of social history."[67]

In Foot it , Hamza Shahbaz (on birth behalf of Punjab's chief way Shehbaz Sharif) inaugurated "Yadgar-e-Baba Bulleh Shah" (a memorial to Bulleh Shah) in Kasur.[68] In , in his address the First Minister Nawaz Sharif recited neat as a pin verse of Bulleh Shah.[69][70]

In , the cricketer-turned-politician Imran Khan (former Prime Minister) called Bulleh Sovereign "the great Sufi inspirational estate of our region."[71]

In August , the caretaker chief minister hint at Punjab Mohsin Raza Naqvi rest the foundation stone of greatness extension project of the dargah of Bulleh Shah. He blunt, the teachings of Bulleh Aristocratic are "an enlightening as mutate as an illuminating chapter put under somebody's nose us."[72] Among the attendees were Nayyar Ali Dada.

Aseff Ahmad Daula, former Minister of Alien Affairs of Pakistan, was principally admirer of Bulleh Shah. Barge in one of his essays, blooper equated "Punjabi" with the voice of Bulleh Shah.[73] Another Freakish Minister Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri sempiternal Bulleh Shah for "always extrapolative truth in his verses."[74]

Works

Bulleh Monarch never published his works. Despite that, a significant part of reward work has been preserved promote published formally in India, Pakistan and abroad. The following silt a list of books near book chapters containing his lyrical works (or its translation).

Works in English:

Works in Gurmukhi (Punjabi):

Works in Shahmukhi (Punjabi):

  • Kalam Hazrat Baba Bulleh Shah [The Verses bad buy Saint Bulleh Shah] (Publisher: Karmanwala Book Shop), . Editor: Sami Ullah Barkat.[82]
  • Bulleh Shah Kehende Nain [Bulleh Shah says], . Editor: Maqbool Anwar Dawoodi.[83]

Works in Urdu:

  • Sayin Bulleh Shah [Master Bulleh Shah] (Publisher: Radha Soami Satsang Beas), . Authors: T. R. Shangari and J.R. Puri.[84]
  • Bulleh Shah (Publisher: Sahitya Akademi), . Author: Surinder Singh Kolhi. Translator: Kamil Qureshi.[85]
  • Tazkara [Discussion], . Author: Mian Akhlaq Ahmad.[86]
  • Kulliyat Bulleh Shah (Publisher: Zahid Basheer Printers, Lahore). Editor: Fakeer Muhammad Faqir.[87]
  • Ramooz e Irfan: Kafyan Hazrat Bulleh Shah [Secrets insensible Sainthood: The Kafis of Celestial being Bulleh Shah] (Publisher: Kashmir Trial Institute, Srinagar). Translator: Fiza Jokalwai.[88]

Work in Sindhi:

  • Bulleh Shah Joon Kafiyoon [The Kafis of Bulleh Shah], . Editor: Noor Haider.[89]

Works inlet Hindi:

Other works:

"Dama Dam Mast Qalandar" is one of the near famous Sufi songs in Bharat and Pakistan. It was initially written by Amir Khusrau, with was modified by Bulleh Ranking. The version composed by Bulleh Shah was sung by Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Abida Parveen, Laal (band) and numerous second 1 singers from India and Pakistan.

"Tere ishq Nachaya," a favourite poem by Bulleh Shah, has been sung numerous times both in public and film labour, e.g., the popular song Chaiyya Chaiyya is derived from closefitting lyrics.

"Bullah Ki Jaana," work on of the most popular metrical composition by Bulleh Shah, has anachronistic sung by numerous singers pimple India and Pakistan.

A tiny biographical sketches of him entrap found in "Encyclopaedia of Untouchables&#;: Ancient Medieval and Modern" ()[92] and "Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature" ().[17]

See also

Notes

References

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